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D.1.1 Newton's law of gravitation

Newton’s law of gravitation

Gravitational force between two objects can be calculated using Newton’s universal law of gravitation

F = \frac{G m_1 m_2}{r^2}\\ G = \textit{gravitational constant} = 6.67 \times 10^{-11}\\  m_1 = \textit{mass of object 1}, \quad m_2 = \textit{mass of object 2}, \quad r = \textit{distance between objects}

D.1.1-1 Diagram with equation explaining the gravitational force

D.1 Gravitational Fields

D.2.1 Charge and Coulomb Force

The unit of Charge is the coulomb (C), it is a scalar quantity

The coulomb is defined as the charge transported by a current of one ampere in one second

All electrons are identical with each one having a charge equal to 1.610-19C

Opposite Charge attracts, Like charge repel

D.2 Electric and Magnetic Fields

D.3.1 Magnetic fields

Magnetic and Electric Fields

In order to visualize a magnetic field, we should once again use the concept of field lines

This time the field lines are lines of magnetic field- also called flux lines

D.3.1-1 Magnetic Field around magnets

D.3 Motion in Electromagnetic Fields

D.4.1 Electromotive Force (emf)

Electromagnetic Induction

As in topic 5, the phenomenon that states the force acts on the charge when an electric charge moves in the magnetic field.

Solenoid Experiment

When moving a magnet in and out of the coil, an electrostatic current is generated through the solenoid.

Several rules of the phenomenon:

D.4.1-1 Direction of the magnetic force on the solenoid